BACKGROUND
INFORMATION:
Dermacentor
reticulatus
GENUS
|
Dermacentor |
| SPECIES |
reticulatus |
| LOCATION |
Europe
and central Africa |
| |
(from
the Atlantic coast to Kazakhstan) |
|
In
Great Britain only found in England and Wales |
| HABITAT |
Meadows,
grasslands, pastures, |
| |
deciduous
mixed forests and woodlands |
| ACTIVITY |
From
March to June and August to November |
| LIFE
CYCLE |
Three
host tick. Life cycle 1-2 years |
| HOSTS
|
Adults
target medium to large mammals: sheep, |
|
cattle,
dogs, men, horses and pigs |
|
Nymph
and Larva target small mammals, |
|
insectivores
and occasionally birds, |
| HOST
SEEKING |
Adults
seek host using Haller's
organ |
|
Immature
stages do not seek host |
| DISEASES
|
Dogs:
Babesia canis |
|
Cattle:
Babesia divergens (redwater), |
|
B.
ovis, Theileria ovis, Coxiella burnetii (Q
fever), |
| |
Francisella
tularensis (tularemia), |
|
Brucella,
Rickettsia conorii (Boutonneuse fever), |
| |
Anaplasma ovis |
|
Horses:
Babesia caballi, B. equi, |
| |
infectious
encephalomyelitis of horses |
|
Man:
Russian spring summer encephalitis |
|
(RSSE), Omsk haemorrhagic fever (OHF) |
| SIZE |
Female:
3-8-4.2 mm |
|
Female
engorged: 10 mm |
|
Male:
4.2-4.8 mm |
|
Unfed
Nymph: 1.4-1.8 mm |
| REFERENCES |
BAKER
1999, HILLYARD 1996, |
| |
LATOUR
1997 |
Dermacentor
marginatus
GENUS
|
Dermacentor |
| SPECIES |
marginatus |
| LOCATION |
Southern
species: Morocco, Spain, Italy, |
| |
southern France, Switzerland, western |
| |
Germany,
Poland, eastwards to central Asia |
| |
Absent
from Great britain |
| HABITAT |
Temperate
forests, grasslands, sheep pastures |
| ACTIVITY |
March
to April and September to October |
| LIFE
CYCLE |
Three
host tick |
|
Egg
to adult in 1 year |
| FEEDING
HABIT |
As
many as 200 can be found on one sheep |
| HOSTS
|
Adults
target mammals: sheep, cattle, deer, |
|
dogs, men, hares and hedgehogs |
| |
Nymph
and Larva target small mammals, |
| |
insectivores and birds |
| HOST
SEEKING |
Adults
seek host using Haller's
organ |
|
Immature
stages do not seek host |
| DISEASES |
Dogs:
Babesia canis |
| |
Cattle:
Babesia divergens (redwater), |
| |
B.
ovis, Theileria ovis, Coxiella burnetii
(Q fever), |
| |
Francisella
tularensis (tularemia), Brucella, Rickettsia |
| |
conorii
(Boutonneuse fever), Anaplasma ovis |
| |
Horses:
Babesia caballi, B. equi, |
| |
infectious
encephalomyelitis of horses |
| |
Man:
Russian spring summer encephalitis |
| |
(RSSE),
Omsk haemorrhagicfever (OHF), |
| |
Crimean
Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) |
| |
and West Nile (WN) virus |
| SIZE |
Female:
4.6-5.4 mm |
|
Female
engorged: 15 mm |
| |
Male:
4.8-5.8 mm |
| |
Unfed
Nymph: 1.4-1.8 mm |
| REFERENCES |
BAKER
1999, HILLYARD 1996 |
|
